History of the Department

The Department of Pathological Physiology was founded in 1918, that is, 2 years after the opening of the Ekaterinoslav Medical Institute. At that time, the department consisted of only one room on the territory of the "Zemska hospital" - now the hospital named after I.I. Mechnikova. The founder of the department and its first head was Professor Anton Ivanovich Talyantsev (1918-1928), who obtained a higher education at Moscow University. There he began working as an assistant at the Department of General and Experimental Pathology under the leadership of Professor A. B. Focht. Anton Ivanovych devoted himself to the research of diseases of the cardiovascular system. In 1892, he defended his thesis for the degree of Doctor of Medical Sciences. In 1918, he was invited to the position of head of the Department of General and Experimental Pathology at the Katerynoslav Medical Institute, where he developed a technique for modeling the blockage of coronary artery branches by inserting a long curved probe with side holes into the distended carotid artery to the mouth of the aorta, placing a suspension of plantain and rapeseed seeds there etc., which significantly pushed medicine in the direction of developing methods of diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery lesions. From 1918 to 1928, the staff of the department published 7 scientific works devoted to the violation of local and general blood circulation, as well as the effect of changes in the functions of the pancreas on carbohydrate metabolism. It is important to note that when Professor A. I. Talyantsev came to the department, only a theoretical course was taught there, and practical classes began to be held under his leadership. In 1929, the first study guide for practical classes for students was published with the participation of the professor. A year and a half after his last lecture, delivered in 1928, Professor A. I. Talyantsev died, remembered for his extraordinary simplicity and cordiality to both his students and colleagues. In 1928, according to the results of the competition, Professor Fedir Matviyovych Bricker (1928-1942) was elected to the position of the head of the department - a representative of the Kharkiv Scientific School of Pathologists. Initially, the main attention of the department's employees was focused on the violation of carbohydrate, fat, protein and gas metabolism and their dynamics during the inflammatory process. Research materials on this topic were obtained by Professor F. M. Bricker jointly with A. Charny, F. Supovitskyi, and Y. Lazaris. The data from these studies are considered an important contribution to the science of inflammation. The next direction of research is the effect of some combat poisons on the body. The results were successful and were included in a specially published scientific collection dedicated to anti-chemical protection. After that, the attention of the department in scientific and research activities switched to the study of experimental therapy of tumors. Experimental data were presented in the collection "Anti-tumor immunity". F. M. Bricker took the position of deputy director for the scientific part. During several pre-war years, he raised the level of the department to a fairly high level, united different departments in common issues and helped many young scientists to publish scientific works. During the war years, the department was united with Stavropol and evacuated to Stavropol. For two and a half years, colleagues of both institutes dealt with issues of defense, as well as issues of malignant neoplasms. In 1942, most of the institute's employees died at the hands of the Gestapo, including FM Bricker. In post-war times, the head of the department was Emanuil Yakovlevich Sterkin (1945-1952), who was a man of extraordinary lecturing abilities. He paid a lot of attention to equipping the department. Under the leadership of E. Ya. Sterkin, the staff of the department dealt with issues of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in liver pathology, diabetes, heart failure, etc. Employees of the department have prepared 2 candidate theses during this time. In 1952, in connection with the departure of Professor E.Ya. Sterkin, Ivan Nikyforovych Sukhoteply (1952-1968) was elected to the position of head of the department. Initially, the staff of the department investigated the question of the nervous system's participation in the body's reactions to the action of various physiological and pathogenic factors. Then the involvement of the nervous system in the tumor process was studied. The results of the work were presented at the 2nd Congress of Oncologists and the 3rd Republican Congress of Radiologists and Radiologists of the Ukrainian SSR. At the same time, the department was engaged in the organization of a special spectrographic laboratory of chemical blastomogenic substances and chemotherapy of tumors at the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention. During 1952-1965, employees of the department performed 38 scientific works published in various scientific journals and anthologies. The department provided assistance and created conditions for the completion of 2 doctoral and 5 candidate theses. In 1968, I. N. Sukhoteply died suddenly of a myocardial infarction.

During the leadership of Valentyn Viktorovych Lukyants (1969-1977), the department suffered a personnel crisis, due to which the planning and execution of dissertation work by assistants was strengthened. Meanwhile, intense scientific and methodical work was carried out at the department, which consisted in improving the methodology of conducting lectures and practical classes and more detailed programming of educational material. The research work of the department's employees was devoted to the pathological physiology of the tumor process. Carcinogenic substances in the environment, metabolic factors in tumor growth, relationships between regulatory systems and tumor growth were studied. In the works of V. V. Lukyants, the problem of neurotumor relationships was developed. V.V. Lukyanets was the supervisor of 6 candidate theses. The completed and successfully defended works contributed to the development of new topical areas of tumor pathology research. During this period, the staff of the department published about 120 scientific works, received an author's certificate and 11 certificates for research proposals. Employees of the department spoke at 6 all-union congresses and 9 republican congresses.

During the leadership of the department by Professor Oleg Ivanovich Sukmanskyi (1977-1997), the direction of scientific research changed. The department developed the issue of nerve trophism and the pathogenesis of neurogenic dystrophies. To solve the problem of the pathogenesis of neurogenic dystrophies, the efforts of the employees of the department of pathophysiology, normal physiology and biochemistry were combined. A Lumam fluorescent microscope, a polygraph, a rheograph, etc., were purchased to carry out research in this direction. The methods of polarographic determination of oxygen tension in tissues, rheography, cytospectrophotometry and radioautography were mastered and implemented. Work was also carried out to improve the teaching of pathological physiology: the lecture course was revised and updated, lecture demonstrations of experiments and films were introduced, and a sound library of lectures was created. The number of microscopes was doubled, counting cameras and laboratory utensils were purchased. Work was carried out on the creation of textbooks and study guides. O. I. Sukmansky wrote the chapters: "Disruption of water-salt exchange" and "Pathological physiology of digestion" for the textbook edited by M. N. Zaiko. In 1977-1997, under the supervision of Professor O. I. Sukmanskyi, 5 doctoral theses and 6 candidate theses were completed. More than 180 scientific works have been published, and 3 author's certificates have been received. In 1992, the staff of the department organized and held the Ukrainian conference of pathophysiologists.

From 1985 to 1989, written exams, test and rector's control were introduced, situational tasks were developed. In the future, in connection with the formation of independent Ukraine, many efforts were made to adapt educational materials in the Ukrainian language.

In 1997, Professor O. I. Sukmanskyi retired and moved to Odessa, where he still teaches at the Odessa Medical University. At that time, the Department of Pathological Physiology was united with the Department of Normal Physiology under the leadership of Professor Pyotr Opanasovich Nerush. Already in 1999, the department was separated under the leadership of Professor Viktor Volodymyrovych Koldunov (1999-2010), the author of 243 scientific papers, 2 inventions, 8 innovative proposals, and an information letter. At that time, two manuals for practical classes of students with the stamp of the Central Medical Center of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine and two collections of Step-1 tests, a manual on general pathophysiology and pathophysiology of organs and systems were published. The main scientific direction of the department remained the study of neurogenic dystrophies. In 2001-2004, together with the Department of Normal Physiology, the budgetary research work "Study of the mechanisms of the nervous system under the action of extreme factors" was carried out.

During 2011-2012, the department was managed by associate professor Gennadiy Volodymyrovych Dovgal, who started updating the material (information stands and visual educational materials) and methodical support of the department. During this time, 9 scientific and 3 scientific and methodical articles were published.

In 2012, the head of the department was Professor Maryna Anatoliivna Dovgal. Under her leadership, the preparation of a new manual for monitoring students' knowledge during the preparation of meaningful modules (seminars) has begun.

Professor Yuliia Valeriivna Silkina served as the head of the department from 2013 to 2016. During this period, methodical developments for students' practical classes, test base, computer class, and lecture material were updated. During this period, 45 articles were published. Together with the staff of the department, educational stands were updated.

From 2019 to the present, the head of the department is Associate Professor Oleksandr Evgenovich Hudyakov . Under his leadership, a new modern computer class was organized at the department and a multimedia system for conducting practical classes was adapted.

Today, the Department employs a cohesive and creative team of scientists and teachers who annually publish methodical and scientific articles, participate in International and All-Ukrainian conferences, perform social duties and assignments, play sports and learn different languages!